Genetic diversity of Algerian fig (Ficus carica L.) cultivars based on morphological and quality traits

Abstract

Assessment of the genetic diversity of 11 fig (Ficus carica L.) cultivars using 45 traits using international morphological descriptors was undertaken. The results show that 20 quantitative variables and 7 qualitative variables were useful for discrimination of cultivars. Skin thickness, length and fruit width were the more discriminating pomological variables. In terms of total soluble solids, the levels obtained (13.56-25.12%), constitute an index of high quality for all cultivars. The principal component analysis indicates that 61.38% of the total variability involve the first three components. Clu ster analysis divided the 11 cultivars into 4 subgroups characterized by a narrow genetic base. The colour of the fruit was not sufficient for their differentiation, while the cultivars Bakor Blanc and Bakor Noir present a case of homonymy. Some cultivars (Chetoui, Benacer, Taranimt, Toudjente, Bakor Blanc and Meroudji) are attractive to growers due to the good fruit quality traits. The use of morphological descriptors has proved a more suitable means to assess the genetic diversity in Algerian fig genotypes.