Genetic diversity analysis of indigenous and exotic chilli genotypes
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Genetic diversity analysis of 64 chilli accessions of Indian and exotic origins was performed using 14 qualitative and quantitative traits. Variation was not observed for mature fruit colour, corolla colour and number of anthers. Based on 11 polymorphic traits, the analysis allowed grouping of the accessions into 9 clusters. Using the polymorphic traits, all but one pair of accessions, viz. Selection 40 and ELS 82 were differentiated from each other. Euclidean’s inter-cluster distances varied from 12.68 between clusters 5 and 6 to 90.77 between clusters 4 and 5. Intra-cluster distance was maximum in cluster 1 (21.18) and minimum in cluster 5 (6.99). cluster 2 was represented by only one genotype ‘Faslima’. Based on the diversity analysis, parental lines were identified for their utilization in hybrids development and genetic improvement of chilli.Abstract
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Anonymous, 2012. Agriculture Statistics at a Glance, Department of Agriculture and Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India, 388 p. Anonymous, 2011. World Spice Congress, New Delhi, Feb. 4, 2011. www.spiceboard.org/wsc/ wsc10TOPIC23.pdf Baral, J. and Bosland, P.W. 2002. Genetic diversity of a Capsicum germplasm collection from Nepal as determined by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA markers. J. American Soc. Hort. Sci. 127: 316-24. Bozokalfa, M.K., Eşiyok, D. and Turhan, K. 2009. Patterns of phenotypic variation in a germplasm collection of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) from Turkey. Spanish J. Agric. Res. 7: 83-95. Fonseca, R.M., Lopes, R., Barros, W.S., Lopes, M.T.G. and Ferreira, F.M. 2008. Morphological characterization and genetic diversity of Capsicum chinense Jacq. accessions along the upper Rio Negro – Amazonas. Crop Breed. Appl. Biotech. 8: 187-94. Geleta, L.F., Labuschagne, M.T. and Viljoen, C.D. 2004. Relationship between heterosis and genetic distance based on morphological traits and AFLP markers in pepper. Pl Breed. 123: -73. IBPGR, 1983. International Board of Plant Genetic Resources, 1983. Genetic Resources of Capsicum. International Board of Plant Genetic Resources, Rome. Krishna De, A. (Ed.) 2003. Capsicum: The genus Capsicum. In: Medicinal and Aromatic Plants – Industrial Profiles, Taylor & Francis, London, p. Loaiza-Figueroa, F., Ritland, K., LabordeCancino, J.A. and Tanksley, S.D. 1989. Pattern of genetic variation of the genus Capsicum (Solanaceae) in Mexico. Pl. Syst. Evol. 165: -88. Reif, J.C., Melchinger, A.E., Xia, X.C., Warburton, M.L., Hoisington, D.A., Vasal, S.K., Srinivasan, G., Bohn, M. and Frisch, M. 2003. Genetic distance based on simple sequence repeats and heterosis in tropical maize populations. Crop Sci. 43: 1275-82. Smith, P.G. and Heiser Jr, C.B. 1957. Taxonomy of Capsicum sinense Jacq. and the geographic distribution of the cultivated Capsicum sp. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, 84: 413-20. Tanksley, S.D. 1984. High rates of crosspollination in Chile pepper. HortSci. 19: 580-82. UPOV-BMT, 2002. BMT/36/10 Progress report of the 36th Session of the Technical Committee, the Technical Working Parties and Working Group on Biochemical and Molecular Techniques and DNA-profiling in particular, Geneva. Yumnam, J.S., Tyagi, W., Pandey, A., Meetei, N.T. and Rai, M. 2012. Evaluation of genetic diversity of chilli landraces from north eastern India based on morphology, SSR markers and the Pun1 locus. Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. 30: -79
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