Biological control of Fusarium wilt of chillies using Trichoderma spp.
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Bio-control, Capsicum annuum, Fusarium wilt, Karnataka, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Trichoderma.Issue
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Chilli wilt caused by Fusarium solani is a serious menace in black cotton soils of Karnataka. Wilt incidence of 19.8 to 31.5 and 7.5 to 12.3% was recorded in major chilli growing regions of Karnataka during 2011-12 and 2012-13 respectively. Trichoderma harzianum isolates 1, 2 and 5 and T. viride isolate 2 completely overgrew F. solani and inhibited mycelia growth by 40-50% in vitro. T. viride gave moderate effect against wilt and increased yield upto 30% in Haveri district, while at Bellary, T. harzianum isolate 1 reduced wilt incidence by 39.7%.Abstract
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Altomare, C., Norvell, T.B. and Harman, G.E. 1999. Solubilization of phosphates and micronutrients by the plant growth promoting and biocontrol fungus Trichoderma harzianum Rifai -22. Appl. Envi. Microbiol. 65: 2926-33. Anonymous, 2014. Hand Book on Horticulture Statistics 2014, Govt. of India, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperation, New Delhi, 34 p. Aneja, K.R. 2003. Experiments in Microbiology, Plant Pathology and Biotechnology, New Age International (Pvt.) Ltd., New Delhi. Dennis, C. and Webster, J. 1971. Antagonistic properties of species of Trichoderma-III. Hyphal interactions. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 57: 363-69. Devika, Rani, G.S., Naik, M.K., Raju, K. and Prasad, P.S. 2007. Prevalence of wilt of chilli and assessment of population dynamics of Fusarium in predominant chilli (Capsicum annum) growing regions of Karnataka. J. Soil Biol. Ecol. 27: 50-61. Fiume, F. and Fiume, G. 2003. Use of culture filtrates of Pyrenochaeta lycopersici in tests for selecting tolerant varieties of tomato. J. Plant Pathol. 85: 131-33. Madhavi, M., Kumar, P.C., Raja Ram Reddy, D. and Singh, T.V.K. 2006. Integrated management of wilt of chilli incited by Fusarium solani. Indian J. Plant Prot. 34: 225-28. Mukhopadhyay, A.N. 1987. Biological control of soil borne diseases of vegetable and pulses by Trichoderma spp. Indian Phytopath. 40: 276. Nandakumar, R., Babu, S., Viswanathan, R., Sheela, J., Raguchander, T. and Samiyappan, R. 2001. A new bio-formulation containing plant growth promoting rhizobacterial mixture for the management of sheath blight and enhanced grain yield in rice. Bio Control, 46: 493-510. Nayeema, J., Trag, A.R., Wani, S.A. and Ahmed, N. 2009. Chilli – A commercial spice of Kashmir. In: National Workshop on Currents Trends and Future Prospects in Production and Export of Spice Crops with Special Reference to Chillies held on 27-28 February, at UAS, Dharwad, pp. -40. Park, M.S., Jung, S.R., Lee, M.S., Kim, K.O., Do, J.O., Lee, K.H., Kim, S.B. and Bae, K.S. Isolation and characterization of bacteria associated with two sand dune plant species, Calystegia soldanella and Elymus mollis. J. Microbiol. 43: 219-27. Ramanujam, B., Prasad, R.D., Sriram, S. and Rangeswaran, R. 2010. Mass production, formulation, quality control and delivery of Trichoderma for plant disease management. J. Plant Prot. Sci. 2: 1-8. Sharma, P. 2011. Complexity of TrichodermaFusarium interaction and manifestation of biological control. Australian J. Crop Sci. 5: 1027-38. Singh, A.K., Singh, A.K., Srivastva, J.N. and Sharma, A.K. 2010. Evaluation of fungicides and cultural practice against Fusarium wilt of chilli in intermediate hill zone of J & K. Veg. Sci. 37: 208-09. Singh, D. 2007. Role of fungicides and biocontrol agents in the management of Fusarium wilt of chilli. J. Mycol. Pl. Pathol. 37: 361-62.
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