Multivariate analysis to identify drought responsive morpho-physiological traits in standard chrysanthemum genotypes

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Published

2025-09-30

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58993/ijh/2025.82.3.4

Keywords:

Drought stress, multivariate analysis, morpho-physiological traits, total chlorophyll, PCA.
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Vol. 82 No. 03 (2025): Indian Journal of Horticulture

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Research Articles

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Copyright (c) 2025 Namita ., Bibin Poulose, Gunjeet Kumar, Sapna Panwar, Kanwar P. Singh, Sudhir Kumar, Amitha Mithra Sevanthi, Gopala Krishnan S.

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Authors

  • Namita a:1:{s:5:"en_US";s:86:"Division of Floriculture and Landscaping, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute";}
  • Bibin Poulose Division of Floriculture and Landscaping, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi
  • Gunjeet Kumar Division of Floriculture and Landscaping, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012
  • Sapna Panwar Division of Floriculture and Landscaping, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012
  • Kanwar P. Singh Division of Floriculture and Landscaping, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012
  • Sudhir Kumar Division of Floriculture and Landscaping, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012
  • Amitha Mithra Sevanthi Division of Floriculture and Landscaping, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012
  • Gopala Krishnan S. Division of Floriculture and Landscaping, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012

Abstract

Chrysanthemum is a major flower crop grown globally for its use as cut flowers, potted plants and landscape decoration. It is highly susceptible to drought; hence, it is necessary to identify the drought responsive key traits in chrysanthemum. In this study, 14 standard chrysanthemum genotypes were evaluated for drought tolerance under hydroponics and pot culture in three replications of a completely randomised design (CRD).  The seedlings were exposed to osmotic stress with 10% PEG (Polyethylene Glycol). In pot culture, a drought stress of -60 kPa was applied for seven days during the vegetative growth and flower bud initiation stages. R statistical analysis was performed (PCA analysis, R2.15.1 by R Development Core Team) to evaluate several morphological and physiological traits. In hydroponics and pot culture drought conditions, RWC, MSI, and yield were highly correlated with chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, chlorophyll fluorescence, stem girth, flower yield, and biomass. As a result, these traits can be considered useful selection indicators for drought tolerance. According to PCA, the traits chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll a/b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, RWC, and chlorophyll fluorescence were the most crucial traits that involved in genotype variability under stress contributing significantly to PC1 in pots and hydroponics. In hydroponics and pot culture, the variability was categorized into three and five principal components, respectively. These results offered useful information for chrysanthemum breeders aiming to select and improve drought tolerance through targeted selection and marker-assisted breeding strategies.

How to Cite

Namita, Poulose, B., Gunjeet Kumar, Sapna Panwar, Kanwar P. Singh, Sudhir Kumar, … Gopala Krishnan S. (2025). Multivariate analysis to identify drought responsive morpho-physiological traits in standard chrysanthemum genotypes. Indian Journal of Horticulture, 82(03), 275–282. https://doi.org/10.58993/ijh/2025.82.3.4

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