Heat unit and photoperiod on growth and development of banana

Heat unit requirement of banana cultivars

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Published

2022-09-30

Keywords:

Musa sp., degree days, photo-thermal unit, heat use efficiency, flowering, maturity, quality
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Issue

Vol. 79 No. 3 (2022): Indian Journal of Horticulture

Section

Research Articles

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Copyright (c) 2022 Indian Journal of Horticulture

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Authors

  • Kumar, P.S. ICAR- National Research Centre for Banana, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirappalli- 620 102, Tamil Nadu, India
  • M.S. Saraswathi ICAR- National Research Centre for Banana, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirappalli- 620 102, Tamil Nadu, India
  • I. Ravi ICAR- National Research Centre for Banana, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirappalli- 620 102, Tamil Nadu, India
  • R. Renganathan ICAR- National Research Centre for Banana, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirappalli- 620 102, Tamil Nadu, India
  • K.N. Shiva ICAR- National Research Centre for Banana, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirappalli- 620 102, Tamil Nadu, India
  • K. Kamaraju ICAR- National Research Centre for Banana, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirappalli- 620 102, Tamil Nadu, India
  • S. Uma ICAR- National Research Centre for Banana, Thayanur Post, Tiruchirappalli- 620 102, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

Field experiment was conducted to identify the growing degree days (GDD), helio-thermal unit (HTU), Photo-thermal unit (PTU) and heat use efficiency (HUE) of eleven banana varieties namely cooking (Monthan, Saba), dessert (Grand Naine, Pachanadan, Ney Poovan, Poovan, Rasthali, Karpuravalli, Udhayam) and dualpurpose (Popoulu and Nendran) varieties. Crop duration was maximum in Udhayam (470 days) followed by Karpuravalli (415 days). The yield recorded in Udhayam (95 t/ha) was significantly higher than other varieties. Highest GDD of 8011°C day was recorded for Udhayam during the entire growth period. Similarly, Karpuravalli (7114°C days) and Rasthali (6975°C days) required more GDD than other varieties. Whereas Nendran (5338°C days) needed the least GDD. However, estimation of degree days requirement from flowering to fruiting indicated that var. Ney Poovan required more GDD (2031.50°C days) whereas var. Popoulu required lesser GDD (1125.50°days). HTU requirement of different varieties ranged from 22219.07 to 41519°C days for days taken for flowering. Accumulated PTU was also maximum in Udhayam and minimum in Nendran and Popoulu. The HUE was significantly higher for Grand Naine (16.92) followed by Udhayam (11.80) whereas, the least HUE was observed in Rasthali (4.03) and Poovan (4.90).

How to Cite

P.S., K., Saraswathi, M., Ravi, I., Renganathan, R., Shiva, K., Kamaraju, K., & Uma, S. (2022). Heat unit and photoperiod on growth and development of banana: Heat unit requirement of banana cultivars. Indian Journal of Horticulture, 79(3), 259–265. Retrieved from https://journal.iahs.org.in/index.php/ijh/article/view/462

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