On-farm storage of table and processing potatoes in heaps
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Potato, heap storage, sprout inhibition, storage losses, processing qualityIssue
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Heap storage of potatoes is commonly used in many states of India to avoid distress sale at harvest, but the losses in stored potatoes are generally enormous. Spray application of CIPC (isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate) at the time of storage has been recommended to inhibit sprouting and reduce total losses in potatoes up to 90 days of storage in heaps. Sprouting in tubers was inhibited and total losses in potatoes were reduced (by 58.7%) up to 90 days of storage (temp. 19-31°C, 55-90% RH) during March to June. The farmers could market 6.5% more weight of CIPC treated potatoes (cv. Kufri Pukhraj) compared to the control (untreated) tubers due to reduced total losses and fetch 55.3% higher market price than the price at the time of harvest. In processing cultivar, Kufri Chipsona-1, reducing sugar concentrations decreased from 188.1 to 22.5 mg/100 g fresh weight during storage up to 90 days and chip colour improved significantly. Stored potatoes were found highly acceptable for processing by an industry collaborator (M/s Satnam Agri Products Ltd., Jalandhar) and were used in making good quality flakes and French fries. Findings established that the improved storage technology can beneficially be used to increase remunerations from potato cultivation and to preserve the quality of processing potatoes for three months at lower storage cost.Abstract
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Burton, W.G., Es, A. van and Hartmans, K.J. The physics and physiology of storage. In: The Potato Crop: The Scientific Basis for Improvement, P.M. Harris (Ed.) (2nd Edn.), Chapman Hall, London, pp. 608-727. Ezekiel, R., Singh, B. and Kumar, D. 2003. A reference chart for potato chip colour for use in India. J. Indian Potato Assoc. 30: 259-65. Gomez, K.A. and Gomez, A.A. 1984. Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research, John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA, 684 p. Kleinkopf, G.E., Brandt, T.L., Frazier, M.J. and Moller, G. 1997. CIPC residues on stored Russet Burbank potatoes: I. Maximum label application. American Potato J. 74: 107-17. Marwaha, R.S. 1998. Evaluation of Indian and exotic cultivars for processing into French fries. J. Indian Potato Assoc. 25: 61-5. Mehta, Ashiv and Singh, S.P. 2004. Biochemical composition and chipping quality of potato tubers during storage as influenced by fertilizer application. J. Food Sci. Tech. 41: 542-46. Mehta, Ashiv, Singh, B. and Ezekiel, R. 2011. Effect of CIPC treatment on keeping and processing attributes during short term storage. Indian J. Plant Physiol. 16 (NS): 85-92. Mehta, Ashiv, Ezekiel, R., Singh, B., Minhas, J.S. and Singh, B.P. 2011. Modified Heap and Pit Storage for Table and Processing Potatoes. Tech. Bull. No. 82 (Revised), Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, pp. 44. Mehta, Ashiv, Charaya P. and Singh, B.P. 2014. French fry and chipping quality of potato varieties during storage at elevated temperatures. Indian J. Hort. 71: 253-59. Roe, M.A., Faulks, R.M. and Belsten, J.L. 1990. Role of reducing sugars and amino acids in fry colour of chips from potatoes grown under different nitrogen regimes. J. Sci. Food Agri. 52: -14. Uppal, D.S. and Verma, S.C. 1990. Changes in sugar content and invertase activity in tubers of some Indian potato varieties stored at low temperature. Potato Res. 33: 119-23.
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