Elucidating the effect of plant bioregulators on embryo maturation for shortening the breeding cycle in papaya

Published

2023-09-25

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58993/ijh/2023.80.3.1

Keywords:

Carica Papaya L., ABA, Ethrel, Embryo culture MeJA,
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Authors

  • Bhupendra Sagore Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, Delhi, India
  • Kanhaiya Singh Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, Delhi, India
  • Jai Prakash Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, Delhi, India
  • Vartika Srivastava Tissue Culture and Cryopreservation Unit, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Pusa Campus, New Delhi-110012, Delhi, India
  • Vignesh M Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, Delhi, India
  • Brijesh Kumar Yadav Division of Food Science & PHT, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, Delhi, India

Abstract

Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is a tropical fruit crop with commercial importance due to its nutritional and
medicinal value. The long generation time required by papaya plants during the breeding process significantly slows crop improvement, and developing a variety takes 15-16 years (7-8 generations). As a solution in this direction, using plant bioregulators (PGR) to improve seed maturity in conjunction with the embryo culture technique may aid in reducing the time between fruit set and seedling establishment. We investigated the effect of ethrel, abscisic acid (ABA), and methyl jasmonate (MeJa) in different concentrations during early fruitdevelopment on hastening embryo maturity followed by embryo culture for shortening the breeding cycle of dioecious papaya var. Pusa Nanha. Fruits after 60 and 75-days old fruit (DOF) were treated with ethrel (100, 120 ppm), abscisic acid (10-6, 10-4 M), and MeJA (10-5, 10-3 M); the effect of treatments was observed after 15 days of PGR application. Among the treatments, ethrel 120 and 100 ppm at 75 DOF were found to be effective for hastening seed maturity, as measured by seed colour (light brown), embryo formation (85%), and embryo size (2.93 mm), maximum in vitro germination (85%), rapid shoot emergence (5.67 days), earliest radicle emergence
(2.67 days), resulting in maximum plantlet regeneration (86.67%). The embryos isolated from the fruits treated with MeJA (10-5 M) showed the maximum number of roots (5.13), with 75.50 % plantlet regeneration. As a result, using the above method, the breeding cycle of papaya could be reduced to as low as 3 months, compared to the standard period of 6-9 months (from pollination to seedling establishment).

How to Cite

Sagore, B., Singh, K., Prakash, J., Srivastava, V., M, V., & Yadav, B. K. (2023). Elucidating the effect of plant bioregulators on embryo maturation for shortening the breeding cycle in papaya. Indian Journal of Horticulture, 80(03), 233–238. https://doi.org/10.58993/ijh/2023.80.3.1

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