Management of alternate bearing and flower induction in litchi cv. China

Downloads

Published

2022-12-19

Keywords:

Litchi chinensis Sonn, alternate bearing, yield, girdling, long-term yield index
Dimensions Badge

Issue

Vol. 79 No. 4 (2022): Indian Journal of Horticulture

Section

Research Articles

License

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Authors

  • Bikash Das Farming System Research Centre for Hill and Plateau Region, ICAR–Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna – 800014, Bihar, India
  • M.K. Dhakar Farming System Research Centre for Hill and Plateau Region, ICAR–Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna – 800014, Bihar, India
  • Sridhar Gutam ICAR – Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bengaluru 560 089, Karnataka, India
  • Prakash Patil ICAR – Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bengaluru 560 089, Karnataka, India
  • A. K. Singh Farming System Research Centre for Hill and Plateau Region, ICAR–Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna – 800014, Bihar, India.

Abstract

To counteract the alternate bearing in some litchi cultivars, an experiment was conducted on annual guided branch girdling for four consecutive fruit bearing years using a commercial plantation of litchi cv. China litchi at Ranchi, India. Trees were girdled by removing a bark strip (2, 4 and 6 mm width) circularly around the selected 25% and 50% primary branches. During OFF- years, the flowering was increased by 8.62 (2017) and 4.37 (2019) times whereas; it was 3.49 (2015) and 1.68 (2018) times higher during ON-years with the L2G2 treatment (4 mm width girdling of 50% primary branches). Treatment L2G2 also showed the highest cumulative yield with 201.19 kg/tree from four years, while the control showed the lowest cumulative yield with 96.98 kg/tree. After four years, the pooled fruit yield data showed that the highest average yield was recorded in L2G2 treatment (50.30 kg/ tree), and it was lowest in the control (24.24 kg/ tree). The pooled data also showed that the highest average alternate bearing index (I) value (0.73) was observed in the control treatment whereas it was lowest (0.32) in L2G1 (2 mm width girdling of 50% primary branches) followed by L2G2 (0.35) treatment. The LongTerm Yield Index (LTYI) ranged from 31.01% in control to 122.25% in L2G2 treatment. Therefore, 4 mm width girdling of 50% primary branches, reduces alternate bearing behaviour of litchi cv. China. In our experiment, cumulative yield was increased by 2.07 times (under L2G2) as compared to un-girdled trees during the four years of the trial.

How to Cite

Das, B., Dhakar, M., Gutam, S., Patil, P., & Singh, A. K. (2022). Management of alternate bearing and flower induction in litchi cv. China. Indian Journal of Horticulture, 79(4). Retrieved from https://journal.iahs.org.in/index.php/ijh/article/view/521

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Anonymous, 2020. National Horticulture Board.

http://nhb.gov.in/Statistics.aspx?enc=WkegdyuH

okljEtehnJoq0KWLU79sOQCy+W4MfOk01

GFOWQSEvtp9tNHHoiv3p49g. Accessed on

10.2020.

Bajpai, A., Muthukumar, M., Singh, A., Nath, V.

and Ravishankar, H. 2016. Narrow genetic base

of Indian litchi (Litchi chinensis) cultivars based on

molecular markers. Indian J. Agric. Sci. 86: 448-55.

Barnett, J. and Mielke, E.A. 1981. Alternate

bearing: A re-evaluation. Pecan South. 8, 20-30.

Conner, P.J. and Worley, R.E. 2000. Alternate

bearing intensity of pecan cultivars. HortSci. 35:

-69.

Das, B., Nath, V. and Dey, P., 2004. Investigations

on flushing and panicle emergence in litchi

under sub-humid sub-tropical plateau region of

eastern India. Indian J. Hortic. 61:1-5.

Huang, D., Liu, S., Zhou, X., Qian, D., Wu, C.

and Xu, Y. 2012. The effect of spiral girdling on

the fruit-setting and development of young litchi

trees. Acta Hortic. 928: 145-50.

Huff, A. 2001. A significance test for biennial

bearing using data resampling. J. Hortic. Sci.

Biotechnol. 76: 534-35.

Kumar, A., Pandey, S.D., Patel, R.K., Srivastava,

K., Tripathi, M. and Nath, V. 2017. Effect of

girdling on flowering and fruiting of litchi (Litchi

chinensis) in subtropics of Bihar. Indian J. Agric.

Sci. 87: 397-401.

Lane, J.H., and Eynon, J. 1923. Determination of

reducing and total sugars by Fehling’s solution

with methylene blue as indicator. J. Soc. Chem.

Ind. 42:32-36.

Li, C.B. and Xiao, Y. 2000. Girdling increases

yield of ‘Nuomici’ litchi. In: I International

Symposium on Litchi and Longan. pp, 233-35.

Malhotra, S.K., Singh, S.K. and Nath, V. 2018.

Physiology of flowering in litchi (Litchi chinensis):

A review. Indian J. Agric. Sci. 88:1319-30

Monselise, S.P. and Goldschmidt, E.E. 1982.

Alternate bearing in fruit trees. Hortic. Rev. 4:

-73.

Noperi-Mosqueda, L.C., Soto-Parra, J.M.,

Sánchez, E., Navarro-León, E., Pérez-Leal,

R., Flores-Córdova, M.A., Salas-Salazar, N.A.

and Yáñez-Muñoz, R.M. 2020. Yield, quality,

alternate bearing and long-term yield index in

pecan, as a response to mineral and organic

nutrition. Not. Bot. Horti Agrobot. 48: 342-53.

Pearce, S.C. and Dober˘sek-Urbanc, S. 1967.

The measurement of irregularity in growth and

cropping. J. Hortic. Sci. 42: 295-305.

Ranganna, S. 1984. Handbook of Analysis

and Quality Control for Fruit and Vegetable

Products. Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Ltd.,

New Delhi.

Shu, B., Li, W., Liu, L., Wei, Y. and Shi, S. 2016.

Transcriptomes of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

and litchi host interaction after tree girdling. Front.

Microbiol. 7: 1-14.

Sruamsiri, P., Chattrakul, A., Manochai, P.,

Hegele, M., Naphrom, D., Wiriya-Alongkorn, W.,

Roygrong, S. and Bangerth, F. 2007. Strategies

for flower induction to improve orchard

productivity: From compensation of alternate

bearing to off-season fruit production. In:

Herrmann, L., Neef, A., Neidhart, S., Pape, J.,

Sruamsiri, P., Thu, D.C., Valle Zárate, A., (Eds.),

Sustainable Land Use in Mountainous Regions

of Southeast Asia. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

pp. 96-109.

Wood, B.W. 1995. Relationship of reproductive

and vegetative characteristics of pecan

to previous-season fruit development and

postripening foliation period. J. Am. Soc. Hortic.

Sci. 120: 635-42.

Xianjun, Z., Deyan, H., Huibai, H. and Dingyao,

W. 1999. Carbohydrate and endohormone status

in relation to fruit set as influenced by trunk spiral

girdling of young litchi trees. Acta Hortic. Sinica,

: 77-80.

Similar Articles

<< < 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.

Most read articles by the same author(s)